Understanding your cat’s pregnancy can feel overwhelming, especially if this is your first time caring for a pregnant feline. Knowing how long cats are pregnant, what to expect during each stage, and how to support your pet throughout makes all the difference for both her health and the health of her kittens.
In this guide, we’ll walk through the feline pregnancy timeline, signs of pregnancy, how to care for a pregnant cat, what to expect during labour, and how to help her and her kittens after birth. These tips are designed to help cat owners across Canada provide the best care possible during pregnancy.
How Long Are Cats Pregnant For?
A cat’s pregnancy (gestation) typically lasts about 63 to 65 days, which is roughly nine weeks. However, this duration can range from 58 to 70 days, depending on factors like your cat’s age, breed, health, and the number of kittens she’s carrying.
To put it into perspective, cats have a much shorter pregnancy than humans. While human pregnancy averages around nine months, a pregnant cat’s journey from conception to birth lasts less than two months. Pregnancy in cats happens quickly, so it’s important to monitor her closely during this time.
The Stages of Pregnancy in Cats
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Early Pregnancy (Days 1–30)
During the first few weeks after conception, fertilization and early development occur. At this stage, the embryos start forming and developing inside the cat.
In terms of physical signs, early pregnancy can be quite subtle. Your cat may exit her heat cycle and begin showing early signs of pregnancy, such as slight weight gain and changes in appetite. Additionally, her behaviour may shift — she might become more affectionate or, on the other hand, more withdrawn.
While the first stage may be difficult to detect, keeping an eye on your cat’s behaviour and changes in her routine will help you catch the pregnancy early.
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Mid-Pregnancy (Days 31–50)
Around the midpoint of the pregnancy, fetal development accelerates. During this stage, you may notice visible changes in your cat’s body, including a fuller abdomen and weight gain. Her nipples may also become larger and pinker, which is known as “pinking up.”
This stage marks a period of rapid growth for the kittens. It’s an excellent time to take your cat for a veterinary check-up to confirm the pregnancy and ensure everything is progressing well. Your veterinarian can perform an ultrasound or X-ray to monitor the health of both the cat and the developing kittens.
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Late Pregnancy (Days 51–65)
In the final few weeks, the kittens grow rapidly and prepare for birth. Your cat may begin showing signs that labour is near, such as nesting behaviour, increased restlessness, and searching for quiet, private areas where she can give birth.
By now, you should have a safe and quiet space prepared for her to deliver her kittens. This space should be clean, warm, and secluded from household traffic to reduce stress and create a peaceful environment for the birth.
Signs of Pregnancy in Cats
There are several physical and behavioural changes to watch for to help you determine if your cat is pregnant:
Physical Changes
- Enlarged nipples: A pregnant cat’s nipples become larger, darker, and more pronounced.
- Weight gain: The cat’s body will begin to fill out as the kittens grow.
- Rounded belly: As the pregnancy progresses, the belly will become noticeably larger.
Behavioural Changes
- Increased appetite: Pregnant cats often eat more to support the development of the kittens.
- Seeking quiet spaces: Pregnant cats tend to seek out calm, quiet areas in which to rest.
- Mood changes: Some cats may become more affectionate, while others may become more distant.
It’s important to differentiate between a cat in heat and a pregnant cat. A cat in heat will exhibit more vocalization and be more energetic, while a pregnant cat typically shows more rest and less agitation.
How to Care for a Pregnant Cat
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Proper Nutrition
Providing a well-balanced diet is essential for a pregnant cat. A high-quality, complete cat food formulated for pregnant or nursing cats is recommended to ensure she receives the right nutrients. Make sure your cat has access to unlimited fresh water and food to support both her and her growing kittens.
Avoid overfeeding, but ensure she’s getting enough food to maintain her health and support the kittens’ development.
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Regular Veterinary Check-ups
It’s essential to schedule regular veterinary visits to ensure that both the cat and the kittens are healthy. The vet will monitor her overall condition, make sure she’s gaining the right amount of weight, and keep an eye on her overall well-being.
Ultrasounds or X-rays may be recommended to assess the number of kittens and their development. Your vet may also offer guidance on additional nutrition, supplements, or vaccinations if needed.
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Preparing for Birth
In the final weeks of pregnancy, it’s crucial to prepare a quiet and comfortable space for the cat to give birth. Set up a clean box or pet bed in a secluded area, away from the household’s hustle and bustle. This nesting space should include soft towels and blankets to keep the area comfortable and clean.
What to Expect During Labour
When your cat goes into labour, you may notice signs such as nesting, pacing, vocalizing, or licking around her genital area. The first stage of labour typically lasts several hours as the cat prepares to deliver her kittens.
Once labour begins, your cat may deliver each kitten within 10–30 minutes. After the kittens are born, they will begin nursing immediately. Keep a close eye on her to ensure everything goes smoothly.
If labour lasts longer than 2 hours without the delivery of a kitten, or if a kitten seems stuck, contact your vet for guidance.
After the Pregnancy: Caring for the Mother and Her Kittens
Immediate Post-Birth Care
After the kittens are born, your main focus should be ensuring the mother and kittens are well-cared for. Make sure the kittens begin nursing within the first hour of birth, as this is crucial for their health.
The mother will likely clean her kittens and help them bond. Monitor her health and the kittens’ health closely, keeping them warm and comfortable.
Ongoing Care for the New Family
After birth, continue to provide the mother with high-quality food formulated for nursing cats. Ensure she has access to clean water and a quiet place to rest. Keep the kittens warm and monitor their weight gain, health, and development.
If any complications arise, such as the mother refusing to nurse or showing signs of illness, contact your vet immediately.
Socializing and Adopting the Kittens
As the kittens grow, they will need to be socialized with humans. Start handling them gently once they are strong enough, typically around 3–4 weeks of age. If you’re planning to adopt out the kittens, make sure they are in good health and are old enough to leave the mother (around 8 weeks of age).
By following this guide, you can provide the best care for your pregnant cat and ensure a healthy, successful pregnancy and birth. Always remember that if you have any questions or concerns, your veterinarian is your best resource.
If you need any guidance or assistance during your cat’s pregnancy, don’t hesitate to request an appointment at York Veterinary Hospital. Our experienced team is here to help ensure the health and well-being of both your cat and her kittens.
FAQs
- How do I know if my cat is pregnant?
Early signs include changes in appetite, behaviour, and physical appearance, such as enlarged nipples or a growing belly. A vet can confirm pregnancy through examination or imaging.
- Can cats get pregnant soon after giving birth?
Yes, cats can go into heat shortly after giving birth. If you do not want your cat to get pregnant again, it’s important to keep her separated from intact males.
- How many kittens can a cat have in one litter?
The average litter size is 4–6 kittens, but it can range from 1 to 12 depending on the cat’s breed and health.
